1: What is biodiversity? What 4 elements make up 99% of all species?
>Biodiversity is the species on Earth. The 4 elements that make up most species is
2: What is photosynthesis?
>energy from sunlight
3: Describe the flow of energy through systems. What is the main storage molecule of energy
in animals?
>The sun goes to the producers which are eaten by the consumers that then goes to space
4: What is chemosynthesis? What source of energy is used instead of sunlight?
>Chemosynthesis is like photosynthesis but instead of sunlight it uses chemicals
5: What is primary productivity a measure of?
>The rate at which primary producers produce energy
6: Looking at the map of productivity around the world- Discuss what you see:
Why is productivity higher near the coasts of continents than in the open oceans?
>Water near the coasts is more productive because of upwelling
Why is productivity higher near the poles?
>The wind patterns cause a lot of upwelling
Define the following:
Autotrophs: organisms that make their own food
Heterotrophs: organisms that must consume
Trophic pyramid: a model that describes who eats whom
Primary consumers: these organisms eat producers
Secondary Consumers: these organisms eat primary consumers
Top consumers: these organisms eat multiple things
7: In a food web, what do the arrows represent?>The direction of energy flow
8: What are some atoms and molecules that cycle in biogeochemical cycles?
>Carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, silicon, iron and trace metals
9: Diagram the Carbon Cycle in the Ocean:
WILL BE IN THE MAIN IMAGE
10: Diagram the Nitrogen Cycle in the Ocean:
WILL BE IN THE MAIN IMAGE
11: Diagram the Phosphorus Cycle:
WILL BE IN THE MAIN IMAGE
12: What is a limiting factor in ecosystems?
>A limiting factor is a factor found in the environment that can be harmful if present in quantities that are too large or too small
13: What are the most important physical factors for marine organisms?
>Important physical factors- Any aspect of the physical environment that affects living organisms
14: What are some biologic factors that affect ocean organisms?
>Some factors that affect ocean organisms are feeding relationships, crowding, metabolic waters, affecting organisms, and defense of territory
15: Define the following zones:
Euphotic: Near the surface, where all the productivity happens
Disphotic: Below the euphotic zone, vision only
Aphotic: No light, need chemosynthesis
16: Define the following nutrient transports:
Diffusion: Mixing due to random molecular movements
Osmosis: Diffusion of water through a membrane
Active Transport: The transport of a substance against a concentration gradent. This requires energy inputThe transport of a substance against a concentration gradent. This requires energy input
18: What are the major zones of the ocean?
(see assignment below)
> The major zones are the Light Zones, Habitat Zones, and the Lifestyle Zones
19: What is natural selection?
> When the environment favors individuals that are well adapted. Their favorable traits are retained because they contribute to organism's reproductive success
20: Who was Carolus Linnaeus? What did he do?
He was one of the first to use the system of natural classification, developed classification system based on hierarchy, and system of scientific names for organisms
21: What is taxonomy?
> The study of biological classification
22: What are the 6 kingdoms and how are they further divided
> The six kingdoms are Fungi, Arimalia, Plantae, Protista, Archaea, and Bacteria. They are divided into two different sections as eukaryotes, and prokaryotes
>Biodiversity is the species on Earth. The 4 elements that make up most species is
2: What is photosynthesis?
>energy from sunlight
3: Describe the flow of energy through systems. What is the main storage molecule of energy
in animals?
>The sun goes to the producers which are eaten by the consumers that then goes to space
4: What is chemosynthesis? What source of energy is used instead of sunlight?
>Chemosynthesis is like photosynthesis but instead of sunlight it uses chemicals
5: What is primary productivity a measure of?
>The rate at which primary producers produce energy
6: Looking at the map of productivity around the world- Discuss what you see:
Why is productivity higher near the coasts of continents than in the open oceans?
>Water near the coasts is more productive because of upwelling
Why is productivity higher near the poles?
>The wind patterns cause a lot of upwelling
Define the following:
Autotrophs: organisms that make their own food
Heterotrophs: organisms that must consume
Trophic pyramid: a model that describes who eats whom
Primary consumers: these organisms eat producers
Secondary Consumers: these organisms eat primary consumers
Top consumers: these organisms eat multiple things
7: In a food web, what do the arrows represent?>The direction of energy flow
8: What are some atoms and molecules that cycle in biogeochemical cycles?
>Carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, silicon, iron and trace metals
9: Diagram the Carbon Cycle in the Ocean:
WILL BE IN THE MAIN IMAGE
10: Diagram the Nitrogen Cycle in the Ocean:
WILL BE IN THE MAIN IMAGE
11: Diagram the Phosphorus Cycle:
WILL BE IN THE MAIN IMAGE
12: What is a limiting factor in ecosystems?
>A limiting factor is a factor found in the environment that can be harmful if present in quantities that are too large or too small
13: What are the most important physical factors for marine organisms?
>Important physical factors- Any aspect of the physical environment that affects living organisms
14: What are some biologic factors that affect ocean organisms?
>Some factors that affect ocean organisms are feeding relationships, crowding, metabolic waters, affecting organisms, and defense of territory
15: Define the following zones:
Euphotic: Near the surface, where all the productivity happens
Disphotic: Below the euphotic zone, vision only
Aphotic: No light, need chemosynthesis
16: Define the following nutrient transports:
Diffusion: Mixing due to random molecular movements
Osmosis: Diffusion of water through a membrane
Active Transport: The transport of a substance against a concentration gradent. This requires energy inputThe transport of a substance against a concentration gradent. This requires energy input
18: What are the major zones of the ocean?
(see assignment below)
> The major zones are the Light Zones, Habitat Zones, and the Lifestyle Zones
19: What is natural selection?
> When the environment favors individuals that are well adapted. Their favorable traits are retained because they contribute to organism's reproductive success
20: Who was Carolus Linnaeus? What did he do?
He was one of the first to use the system of natural classification, developed classification system based on hierarchy, and system of scientific names for organisms
21: What is taxonomy?
> The study of biological classification
22: What are the 6 kingdoms and how are they further divided
> The six kingdoms are Fungi, Arimalia, Plantae, Protista, Archaea, and Bacteria. They are divided into two different sections as eukaryotes, and prokaryotes